Brazilians who worked and contributed to Brazil’s social security system (INSS) before moving to the United States often have questions about whether those contribution periods can be considered when applying for retirement benefits.
Since 2018, the Brazil–U.S. Social Security Agreement has allowed, under certain circumstances, periods of coverage in both countries to be considered when determining eligibility for social security benefits.
How Does It Work?
The agreement can help individuals who have not independently met the minimum eligibility requirements in Brazil or the United States.
However, it does not transfer contributions from one country to the other or combine the amounts paid to create a single retirement benefit. Each country:
- reviews the claim according to its own laws;
- calculates the benefit for which it is responsible; and
- pays the corresponding amount.
Depending on an individual’s contribution history, they may be eligible for benefits paid by both Brazil and the United States. This does not, however, automatically mean they will receive two full retirement benefits.
Should I Continue Contributing to the INSS?
The answer depends on each individual’s circumstances.
Before continuing or resuming contributions in Brazil, it is important to assess:
- how much time has already been contributed in each country;
- whether the records in the CNIS are accurate;
- which social security rules may apply;
- whether it will be necessary to totalize contribution periods;
- which contribution category is appropriate; and
- whether making additional contributions could actually improve the benefit.
Contributing without proper planning may result in payments that do not produce the expected benefit.
Brazil–U.S. Social Security Planning
An integrated review of an individual’s INSS and Social Security history can help identify the applicable requirements, correct inconsistencies, and organize the necessary documentation.
The Drummond Advisors team is available to assist clients who worked in Brazil and currently live or work in the United States.
For more information about Brazil–U.S. Social Security Planning, contact our team.
Written by Daniel Rangel, Head of Labor Law at Drummond Advisors